Ijtihad And Zakat Fatwa In Health Treatment Assistance Scheme For Heart Disease Patients In Children In Malaysia

Keperluan Ijtihad Dan Fatwa Zakat Dalam Skim Bantuan Kos Rawatan Pesakit Jantung Kanak-Kanak Di Malaysia

Abstract

Heart disease is the leading cause of death for many children in the country. According to a report by the National Heart Institute, as many as 80% of pediatric patients receiving treatment at the National Heart Institute (IJN) are in dire need of treatment funds. Various zakat assistance schemes have been introduced by zakat centers through the State Islamic Religious Council (MAIN) to ease the burden of heart disease patients to finance their treatment costs. However, most of the assistance schemes introduced are only general in nature and not specifically for heart disease patients. Therefore, this article aims to discuss the need for ijtihad and fatwa related to the zakat assistance scheme for the cost of heart treatment by fatwa and zakat institutions. The study will also discuss the health assistance schemes provided by the State Islamic Religious Council This qualitative study uses documentation and observation methods in the data collection process. The results of the study found that ijtihad and zakat fatwa in health assistance schemes have been implemented at the institutional level of fatwa and zakat in the general context. There are also several states that have provided zakat funds specifically for heart disease patients. It is hoped that this study can provide guidance and reference to fatwa institutions, zakat institutions, IJN and certain organizations to help asnaf with heart diseases to recover through ijtihad and fatwas issued. A further study on the effectiveness of zakat funds on the cost of heart treatment for heart disease patients can be implemented to ensure the well -being of Muslims in Malaysia.

Abstrak
Penyakit jantung merupakan punca utama kematian ramai kanak-kanak di negara ini. Menurut laporan Institut Jantung Negara, sebanyak 80% pesakit kanak-kanak yang menerima rawatan di Insititut Jantung Negara (IJN) sangat memerlukan dana rawatan. Pelbagai skim bantuan zakat telah diperkenalkan pusat zakat menerusi Majlis Agama Islam Negeri (MAIN) bagi meringankan beban pesakit jantung untuk membiayai kos rawatan mereka. Namun, kebanyakan skim bantuan yang diperkenalkan hanya bersifat umum dan bukan secara khusus kepada pesakit jantung. Justeru itu, artikel ini bertujuan untuk membincangkan berkenaan keperluan ijtihad dan fatwa berkaitan skim bantuan zakat bagi kos rawatan jantung oleh institusi fatwa dan zakat. Kajian juga akan membincangkan skim-skim bantuan kesihatan yang disediakan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Negeri Kajian kualitatif ini menggunakan kaedah dokumentasi dan pemerhatian dalam proses pengumpulan data. Hasil kajian mendapati ijtihad dan fatwa zakat dalam skim bantuan kesihatan telah dilkasanakan diperingkat institusi fatwa dan zakat dalam konteks secara umum. Terdapat juga beberapa buah negeri yang telah menyediakan dana zakat khusus untuk pesakit jantung. Diharapkan kajian ini dapat memberikan panduan dan rujukan kepada institusi fatwa, institusi zakat, pihak IJN mahupun organisasi tertentu untuk membantu asnaf yang menghidapi penyakit jantung kembali sihat melalui ijtihad dan fatwa yang dikeluarkan. Kajian lanjutan keberkesanan dana zakat terhadap kos rawatan jantung kepada pesakit jantung boleh dilaksanakan bagi memastikan kesejahteraan umat Islam di Malaysia.

Kata kunci: Ijtihad, Fatwa, Zakat, Kos Rawatan Jantung